PHARMACEUTICO- ANALYTICAL STUDY OF RASAMANIKYA PREPARED BY VARIOUS METHODS

Rasamanikya prepared from Shodhita Haritala is one of the effective and economical medicines used in different skin and respiratory disorders. Different methods are explained in the classics for the preparation of Rasamanikya and few adopted methods are also developed from scholars of Rasashastra depending upon their experience. Present study is aimed at exploring all these methods in detail and any modifications if needed. The Patra Haritala is subjected to different Shodhana procedures in different media, the changes observed are discussed in the article. The yield of Shodhita Haritala was 92% to 96% in different Shodhana methods. Rasmanikya is prepared in six different methods. Sharava samputa method (Method III & IV) can be considered as suitable methods for pharmaceutical preparation of Rasamanikya in large quantity as there was loss of only 11% to 13% drug was noticed. Chemical analysis and X-Ray diffraction of Patra Haritala and Rasamanikya prepared from all the methods is carried as a part of standardization. In Analytical study of all the methods, 44% to 47% of Arsenic and 22 to29% of Sulphur was present in Rasamanikya. X-RD study of Haritala and Rasamanikya samples revealed that crystalline form of Haritala was changed to relatively amorphous form in Rasamanikya prepared by I, II, III and IV methods, which indicates quick and better absorption of the drug Rasamanikya on administration making it one of the economical and potent medicine. Chemically Rasamanikya can be considered as a complex compound of As2S3 and As2O5

Comparison of concentrations in the breathing zone

The concentrations in the breathing zone were analyzed on three human subjects in simulating work conditions. The experiments were carried out in a wind tunnel having 40&feet; x 12&feet; x 9&feet; dimensions. Ethanol vapor mixed with nitrogen was used as a tracer gas. Samples were taken at the forehead, adjacent to the nose (nose), the mouth, neck, chest, right lapel, left lapel. Nose was sampled at l liter per minute (lpm) and 0.15 lpm at different times, while the others were sampled at 0.15 lpm at two different wind tunnel velocities. The source was released at naval height for each subject.;It was concluded that wind tunnel velocities, and ratios of the chest and the shoulder dimensions played a significant role in the concentration among the sampling sites. Sampling rate affected only the concentration at the nose and at no other sampling site. Further studies would be useful in determining the impact of wind tunnel velocities and the selection of human subjects with a variety of anthropometrical dimensions and clothing use

Development of nanostructured, stress-free Co-rich CoPtP films for magnetic microelectromechanical system applications

Co-rich CoPtP alloys have been electrodeposited using direct current (dc) and pulse-reverse (PR) plating techniques. The surface morphology, crystalline structure, grain size, and magnetic properties of the plated films have been compared. The x-ray analysis and magnetic measurements reveal the presence of Co hcp hard magnetic phase with c axis perpendicular to the substrate for dc and in plane for PR plated films. The dc plated films have a granular structure in the micron scale with large cracks, which are manifestation of stress in the film. Only by using a combination of optimized PR plating conditions and stress relieving additive, we are able to produce 1-6 mu m thick (for 1 hour of plating), stress-free, and nanostructured (similar to 20 nm) Co-rich CoPtP single hcp phase at room temperature, with an intrinsic coercivity of 1500 Oe

LEVERAGING WI-FI INFRASTRUCTURE FOR INCREASED POWER SAVINGS IN IOT DEVICES

Mining is one of the oldest industries known to man, and it continues to remain essential for the prosperity of modern civilization. Compared to surface mining, a large number of disasters are likely to occur during underground mining. To ensure the safety and security of an underground working environment, it is critical for underground mining operations to employ a robust and efficient monitoring infrastructure. To address that need, techniques are presented herein that support an increase in power savings in Internet of things (IoT) devices by leveraging a Wi-Fi infrastructure to determine when, and how frequently, such devices should wake up to send or receive data. Aspects of the presented techniques employ an access point’s (AP\u27s) channel state information (CSI) data, in conjunction with data from an AP’s on-board sensors (for metrics such as air quality, altimeter, temperature, and humidity), to detect indoor occupancy which, in turn, may drive the Target Wakeup Time (TWT) for selected IoT devices

Erase/restorable asymmetric magnetization reversal in polycrystalline ferromagnetic films

Asymmetric hysteresis loops are generally found in exchange-coupled ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic layers or composite. Once the film is deposited the magnetization reversal behaviour becomes certain due to the fixed anisotropy of the film. We report an asymmetric magnetization reversal, which is erase/restorable in polycrystalline soft magnetic film. When the film is pre-saturated at a high field in the induced uniaxial easy direction, the asymmetric hysteresis loops with one branch governed by "coherent rotation" and another branch with kink induced by mixed reversal mechanism of "coherent rotation" and "rotation/180 degrees-domain-wall-motion/rotation" are obtained. If the film is presaturated in the induced hard axis, the kink disappears and "normal" hysteresis behaviour is observed instead. Such asymmetric magnetization curve can be restored if the film is pre-saturated in the easy axis again. The observed phenomenon is originated from an embedded second magnetically hard phase which tunes the anisotropy in the film. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4765652

Design, fabrication and test of integrated micro-scale vibration based electromagnetic generator

This paper discusses the design, fabrication and testing of electromagnetic microgenerators. Three different designs of power generators are partially microfabricated and assembled. Prototype A having a wire-wound copper coil, Prototype B, an electrodeposited copper coil both on a Deep Reactive Ion etched (DRIE) silicon, beam and paddle. Prototype C uses moving NdFeB magnets in between two microfabricated coils. The integrated coil, paddle and beam were fabricated using standard micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) processing techniques. For Prototype A, the maximum measured power output was 148 nW at 8.08 kHz resonant frequency and 3.9 m/s2 acceleration. For prototype B, the microgenerator gave a maximum load power of 23 nW for an acceleration of 9.8 m/s2, at a resonant frequency of 9.83 kHz. This is a substantial improvement in power generated over other microfabricated silicon based generators reported in literature. This generator has a volume of 0.1 cm3 which is lowest of all the silicon based microfabricated electromagnetic power generators reported. To verify the potential of integrated coils in electromagnetic generators, Prototype C was assembled. This generated a maximum load power of 5

Shape-independent permeability model for uniaxially-anisotropic ferromagnetic thin films

A permeability model based on the three-dimensional shape demagnetization effect is developed to estimate the permeability of any uniaxially-anisotropic ferromagnetic thin-film for integrated micromagnetic structures. The model is validated by comparison to measured ferromagnetic thin films (NiFe and CoPRe) with different anisotropies and saturation magnetizations. The dependence of permeability on film-thickness is modeled as a function of the demagnetization effect and verified against fabricated samples of varying thicknesses. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. (doi: 10.1063/1.3430061

Clinical outcome of treatment of intra-articular distal humerus fracture with open reduction and internal fixation by orthogonal locking plate: a prospective study

Background: The aim of the study was to study the clinical outcome and complications of surgical management of intra-articular fractures of distal humerus.Methods: A prospective study included 23 consented patients with intra-articular distal humeral fractures who underwent osteosynthesis by orthogonal locking compression plating using posterior approach with olecranon osteotomy between November 2017 to May 2019 at BLDE(DU’s) Shri BM Patil Medical College, Vijayapura, Karnataka.Results: In our study there were 15 male patients and 8 female patients with mean age of 38.5 years. 65.2% of the cases admitted were due to motor vehicle accident, 21.7% due to accidental fall and 13% due to fall from height with right side (73.9%) being the more commonly affected side. The mean operative time was 100 minutes. Mayo Elbow Performance Score was 83.3% post operatively and the mean arc of motion was 117°. 82% of cases fared excellent to good results.Conclusions: Orthogonal locking plate construct provides stable rigid fixation for allowing early mobilisation and allows predictable healing both clinically and functionally in these complicated fractures. Absence of implant failure and non-union may be attributed to the highly stable construct system achieved by orthogonal locking plating. Majority of our cases had good functional outcome and return to pre injury status

Precessional dynamics of Ni45Fe55 thin films for ultrahigh frequency integrated magnetics

Future monolithic point of load switched mode power supplies will be expected to meet the energy requirements of miniaturized, high functionality electronic devices. Recently, Ni45Fe55 has emerged as a potentially important material choice for use as a soft magnetic core material within high frequency integrated passive magnetic components. The operating frequency range of the integrated passives which form a key part of the point of load power supply must increase to allow for inductor/transformer miniaturization to become monolithic with power integrated circuits. In this work, an analysis of the high frequency permeability spectra of an electroplated Ni45Fe55 thin film has been carried out to quantitatively analyze the material's high frequency performance. Complex permeability spectra of the film have been investigated at frequencies up to 9 GHz to identify both the film's spectroscopic splitting factor (g) and its effective dimensionless damping parameter (alpha). The Kittel equation is utilized to identify g as 2.128, while alpha is determined to be approximately 0.045. The critically damped condition for the film is also examined to extract alpha in the critically damped case under a range of externally applied bias fields. It is concluded that for monolithic power inductors, improved device performance can be achieved when the ferromagnetic core is in an underdamped state up to a critical frequency